![]() Ostler lists about 200 nouns borrowed into Latin from the Etruscan and from the Greek via Etruscan, but I have seen proposed Indo-European etymologies for a few of these words, such as caelum and vagina.Īs the Romans conquered the Apennine Peninsula, they spread colonists and the language it took centuries for the other languages of Italy to die, and after the languages died, local customs such as funeral customs persisted for a few more generations (there are a few Greek-speaking villages in Apulia and Calabria even now, but if you believe Wikipedia, philologists aren't sure if their language is a survivor from ancient times or from Byzantine times). The Etruscans dominated Rome for centuries in an attempt to prevent the falsification of history to the detriment of Rome, Livy claims that Etruscan king Lars Porsena was so impressed by the bravery of Romans that he decided not to take Rome, but Pliny the Elder and Tacitus take it for granted that he conquered the city. Latin was about as far from the principal Italic IE language of South Italy, Oscan, as Spanish is from Portuguese. It shared certain features with other IE languages of Italy for example, the proto-IE consonant bh became f: "bhrater" became "frater", similar to how in Cockney English "things" turn into "fings" the sound f was also common in the principal non-IE language of Italy, Etruscan. The Etrusca Latin was an IE language spoken in a small area in Central Italy in mid-first millennium BCE. ![]() ![]() Latin was an IE language spoken in a small area in Central Italy in mid-first millennium BCE.
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